Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov declared Tuesday that territorial exchanges will not “stop” Russia’s war in Ukraine, directly contradicting recent statements by US President Donald Trump that peace would require “land swaps” between the warring nations, according to the Institute for the Study of War (ISW).

Speaking on 17 September, Lavrov dismissed proposals to restore US-Russian trade as an incentive for peace, stating such attempts to “entice” President Vladimir Putin would not end the war, ISW reports. The foreign minister reiterated Moscow’s position that any settlement must eliminate what the Kremlin calls the “root causes” of the war.

These root causes, as defined by Kremlin officials, include Ukraine’s alleged discrimination against Russian-speakers and NATO expansion, ISW notes. The think tank reports that Moscow has repeatedly used this “root causes” framework to demand the replacement of Ukraine’s current government with a Russian puppet regime, Ukraine’s commitment to neutrality, and the revocation of NATO’s Open Door Policy.

Despite the hardline stance from Lavrov, Kremlin Spokesperson Dmitry Peskov maintained on the same day that Russia remains open to negotiations, claiming Moscow’s “preferred solution” is a political and diplomatic settlement, according to ISW.

The Institute for the Study of War assessed that Russia shows no interest in good-faith negotiations requiring Russian concessions and remains willing to protract the war to achieve its original maximalist war demands through military means rather than diplomacy.

The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) reports that the Kremlin is intensifying its campaign to destabilize the Balkans, likely as part of a broader effort to divide and distract Europe.

“The Kremlin has previously leveraged its relationship with Republika Srpska to further influence the Balkans, sow divisions in Europe, and undermine the US-backed Dayton Accords to throw the Balkans into turmoil,” ISW noted.

Lavrov meets Dodik in Moscow, targets Dayton peace framework

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov met Milorad Dodik, President of Republika Srpska, in Moscow on 9 September. Republika Srpska is the Serbian political entity within Bosnia and Herzegovina. Lavrov and Dodik’s meeting marked the 30th anniversary of the signing of the Dayton Accords, which ended the 1992–1995 Bosnian War.

At a press conference following the meeting, Lavrov declared that the Dayton Accords brought an end to what he called NATO “aggression” during its 1995 Operation Deliberate Force. He stated that Russia is one of the guarantors of the December 1995 agreement and accused the West of having “trampled” the deal to seize “undivided control” over Bosnia and Herzegovina while depriving Serbs of their rights.

ISW: Kremlin aims to dismantle Dayton Accords to sow European division

The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) assessed on 11 September that the Kremlin continues its attempts to destabilize the Balkans and dismantle the Dayton Accords. According to ISW, this effort is part of a broader Kremlin campaign to fracture and distract Europe.

Lavrov warned that “destroying the consensus that underlies Bosnia and Herzegovina is… an invitation to another war in the Balkans.” He also praised Dodik’s plan to hold a referendum in Republika Srpska in October, claiming that “the West does not like referendums,” including Russia’s 2014 Crimea sham plebiscite, which he described as “transparent.”

ISW noted that Lavrov and Dodik met on the same day that Russian drones entered Polish airspace in a major incursion, suggesting a coordinated attempt to test NATO and EU unity.

While Ukrainians marked 34 years of independence from Soviet rule, NBC News gave Russia’s foreign minister prime American television time to explain why Ukraine should surrender its sovereignty.

Sergey Lavrov used his “Meet the Press” platform to deny the invasion of Ukraine, dismiss President Zelenskyy as illegitimate, and set conditions on Ukraine’s right to exist by demanding territorial concessions.

The interview occurred on 24 August, 2025 – the anniversary of Ukraine’s 1991 declaration of independence from the USSR – as Lavrov presented the war as a defensive operation while rejecting the legitimacy of Ukraine’s leadership and borders.

Lavrov denies invasion and Zelenskyy’s legitimacy

When NBC’s Kristen Welker asked directly “Did Russia invade Ukraine?” Lavrov flatly denied the invasion, responding “No” and once again calling it instead a “special military operation” – a term that has been used by Russian officials since the start of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022.

Pressed on whether Putin recognizes Zelenskyy as Ukraine’s legitimate leader, Lavrov replied: “No, we recognize him as de facto head of the regime. And in this capacity, we are ready to meet with him.” He falsely claimed that according to Ukraine’s constitution, Zelenskyy is not legitimate.

Ukrainian officials have consistently rejected Russian legitimacy claims. Ukraine’s constitution allows the president to remain in office during wartime, and Zelenskyy was democratically elected in 2019 with over 73% of the vote. 

Russia sets conditions for Ukraine’s right to exist

Lavrov asserted that Ukraine has the right to exist only if it surrenders territories and populations to Russian control, demanding Ukraine “let people go” in occupied territories. 

He referred to Ukraine’s eastern and southern regions using the term “Novorossiya” – a tsarist-era concept Russia employs to claim historic dominion over large portions of Ukrainian territory. The term historically encompassed areas including modern-day Ukraine’s Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, Kherson, Dnipropetrovsk, Mykolaiv, and Odesa regions. 

Lavrov presented these territorial demands to American television audiences, placing conditions on Ukraine’s right to exist as a sovereign state. He referenced illegitimate, Russian-organized referendums in occupied territories as justification for territorial claims over internationally recognized Ukrainian territory.

Russian messaging reaches American audiences on Ukrainian Independence Day

Despite denying the invasion and demanding territorial concessions, Lavrov insisted Putin wants peace while simultaneously defending Russia’s military operation.

The interview occurred as Russian forces intensify operations across Donetsk Oblast, with fighting escalating around Dobropillia and other eastern Ukrainian positions.

The timing allowed Russia’s foreign minister to associate Ukrainian independence celebrations with discussions of territorial surrender on American television. 

BRICS summit participants condemned recent attacks on Russia’s railway infrastructure, according to a joint declaration on July 6 from Rio de Janeiro.

"We condemn in the strongest possible terms the attacks on bridges and railway infrastructure deliberately targeting civilians in the Bryansk, Kursk and Voronezh regions of the Russian Federation on May 31, and June 1 and 5 2025, which resulted in the deaths of several civilians, including children," the document says.

Bryansk, Kursk, and Voronezh oblasts are all located near Ukraine’s northeastern border and have played a central role in Russia’s war effort, serving as key logistical hubs and launch sites for missile and drone attacks on Ukrainian cities–often targeting civilian infrastructure and causing casualties.

In their declaration, BRICS leaders also called for a negotiated peace agreement between Russia and Ukraine.

“We recall our national positions concerning the conflict in Ukraine as expressed in the appropriate forum, including the UN Security Council and the UN General Assembly,” the document said. “We expect that current efforts will lead to a sustainable peace settlement.”

The statement comes a few days after a phone call between U.S. President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin on July 3, in which Putin said "Russia will continue to pursue its goals" in the war against Ukraine, Kremlin aide Yury Ushakov said.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov attended the summit in person, while Russian President Vladimir Putin participated via video link.

Brazil is a member of the ICC and a signatory to the Rome Statute, meaning it is obliged to arrest Putin if he enters the country.

The ICC issued a warrant for the Russian leader's arrest in March 2023 over the illegal deportation of Ukrainian children during Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

The BRICS declaration also condemned recent U.S. and Israeli airstrikes on Iranian nuclear facilities as violations of international law and criticized the presence of foreign forces in Syria and Gaza, calling for Israeli withdrawal from Syrian territory.

BRICS, originally composed of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, has expanded in recent years to include Iran, Egypt, the UAE, Ethiopia, and Indonesia.

Lavrov meets Iranian counterpart Abbas Araqchi at BRICS summit, reiterates Russia’s offer to mediate disputes over nuclear program

Russia reiterated its offer to mediate the conflict over Iran’s nuclear program during a meeting between Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and his Iranian counterpart at the BRICS summit in Rio de Janeiro, Reuters reported on July 6.

The Kyiv IndependentSonya Bandouil

Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov reiterated Moscow's offer to mediate disputes over Iran’s nuclear program, during a meeting with his Iranian counterpart at the BRICS summit in Rio de Janeiro, Reuters reported on July 6.

Lavrov met with Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi to discuss the situation, condemning recent Israeli and U.S. strikes on Iran, including attacks on nuclear sites under IAEA safeguards.

Moscow reaffirmed its support for Iran’s right to nuclear energy, and also offered to store Iranian uranium as part of a potential solution.

Although Iran officially denies intentions to pursue nuclear weapons, tensions with the U.S. and Israel remain high following the Iran-Israel conflict in June, which has currently settled into an uncertain ceasefire.

Ukraine’s Foreign Ministry said on June 22 that Iran’s nuclear program must be dismantled to prevent it from threatening the Middle East or the wider world, following U.S. air strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities.

“Iran is complicit in the crime of aggression against Ukraine. The Iranian regime is providing military assistance to Russia, including the supply of UAVs and technologies that Russia consistently uses to kill people and destroy critical infrastructure,” the statement read.

Russia and Iran have deepened ties since the start of the full-scale invasion. Notably, Iran has provided Russia with thousands of Shahed drones used in attacks against Ukrainian cities, as well as short-range ballistic missiles.

Amid its war against Ukraine, Russia condemns US strikes on Iran as ‘violating international law’

Moscow condemned on June 22 the recent U.S. strikes against Iranian nuclear facilities, calling them a violation of international law and Iran’s sovereignty, a statement in stark contrast to Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine.

The Kyiv IndependentMartin Fornusek

NATO's increased defense spending will lead to the "collapse" of the alliance, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said on June 30, despite Russian officials recently warning that Moscow's own military expenditure is driving the country towards recession.

Lavrov's comments come after NATO leaders last week approved a new defense spending benchmark, committing members to spend at least 5% of GDP on defense and security-related expenditures by 2035, a goal long pushed by the U.S. and endorsed by NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte.

The week previously, and in a rare public sign that all is not well in Russia, two high-ranking Moscow officials issued separate warnings about the state of the country's economy.

Russian Central Bank Governor Elvira Nabiullina and Economy Minister Maxim Reshetnikov both highlighted that amid the Kremlin's full-scale war against Ukraine, the tools Moscow once relied on to maintain wartime growth are nearly exhausted.

Polish Foreign Minister Radoslaw Sikorski on June 26 said an arms race between Russia and NATO could lead to Russian President Vladimir Putin's downfall.

"Since (Polish Foreign Minister Radoslaw Sikorski) is such a predictor, he probably foresees that a catastrophic increase in the budget of NATO countries, according to my estimates, will also lead to the collapse of this organization," Lavrov reportedly said.

Putin last week announced that Moscow plans to cut its military expenditure beginning next year, in a rebuke of NATO members' plans to increase defense spending to 5% of GDP.

"We are planning to reduce defence spending. For us, next year and the year after, over the next three-year period, we are planning for this," Putin said, though he did not provide concrete details.

"Europe is thinking about how to increase its spending, on the contrary. So, who is preparing for some kind of aggressive actions? Us or them?"

Western officials and analysts point to Russia's surging military expenditures amid its ongoing full-scale invasion of Ukraine. In 2024, Russia's defense budget reportedly rose 42% in real terms, reaching $462 billion, surpassing the combined spending of all European nations, according to the International Institute for Strategic Studies.

NATO allies have cited Russia's military buildup, sabotage campaigns, and continued aggression against Ukraine as reasons to accelerate defense investments. Rutte warned that Russia could rebuild its military capacity to threaten NATO territory within five years, urging members to act with urgency.

As Ukraine bleeds, Western opera welcomes back pro-Putin Russian singer Anna Netrebko

More than three years into Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, many Western cultural institutions that had distanced themselves from Russian artists as a gesture of solidarity with Ukraine are now reversing course. The U.K.’s Royal Ballet and Opera House announced on June 23 that its 2025-2026 cinema

The Kyiv IndependentKate Tsurkan