Over 90 percent of Ukraine’s scientific discoveries have been attributed to Ukraine’s National Academy of Sciences, including advancements in astronomy and military technology.

© Finbarr O'Reilly for The New York Times

A fire broke out at Milrem Robotics, which manufactures and supplies unmanned vehicles for Ukraine, in August.

It was possible, for a time, to think that Kramatorsk, where I was born and raised, would survive the war mostly unscathed. Not any more.

© Tyler Hicks/The New York Times

Emergency workers have to move fast after Russian attacks in eastern Ukraine. Another could come at any moment.

A Russian jet-powered drone hit Ukraine’s National Academy of Sciences, the source of almost all of the country’s major scientific discoveries.

© Gleb Garanich/Reuters

The Russian region of North Ossetia has suffered a heavy toll, yet many accept the Kremlin’s line that the fighting must continue until victory is secured.