In the first footage of him to be released publicly in 25 years, Abdullah Ocalan said the P.K.K. insurgency against Turkey would be replaced by politics.

Thomas J. Barrack Jr., the U.S. ambassador to Turkey, says Washington is facilitating the discussions and prioritizing economic development over nation-building in the Middle East.

© Mohamed Azakir/Reuters

President Trump signed an executive order this week lifting most sanctions on Syria. Ahead of that action, U.S. officials laid out expectations from the new government in Damascus.

© Omar Albam/Associated Press

After one of the most brutal wars of this century, a new flag flies across Syria: the emblem of the rebels who toppled the dictator Bashar al-Assad. Ben Hubbard, The New York Times’s Istanbul bureau chief, describes what our journalists learned as they drove across Syria, meeting people in towns and cities along the way as they strove to rise from the wreckage and build new lives.

The fight between two well-armed Mideast powers has their neighbors worried about the conflict spreading, a concern only deepened by U.S. involvement.

© Arash Khamooshi for The New York Times